(Note: Options C and D are also correct examples of pathological tooth wear.)

Pathological tooth wear refers to the loss of tooth structure that exceeds normal physiological limits and may lead to sensitivity, functional issues, or aesthetic concerns.

Let’s examine each option:
A) Attrition caused by mastication: Attrition is the mechanical wearing of teeth due to tooth-to-tooth contact, usually during chewing. When caused by normal mastication, it is considered a physiological process. Only when attrition becomes excessive or abnormal (e.g., due to bruxism) is it classified as pathological. The question does not mention “excessive” attrition, so this option is not definitively pathological.

B) Abrasion due to aggressive tooth brushing: Abrasion occurs when an external mechanical force (like a hard toothbrush or abrasive toothpaste) causes loss of tooth structure. This is a classic example of pathological tooth wear due to inappropriate oral hygiene practices.

C) Erosion resulting from acidic diet:
Erosion is caused by chemical dissolution of enamel from non-bacterial acids (e.g., soft drinks, citrus fruits). It is widely recognized as a pathological process.

D) Abfraction from occlusal stress: Abfraction involves microfractures and loss of cervical tooth structure due to biomechanical loading forces. This is also considered pathological.