- Aldosterone exerts its primary physiological effects on the kidneys.
- Specifically, this hormone acts on the distal tubules and collecting ducts of the nephron, where it promotes the reabsorption of sodium and the excretion of potassium.
- By increasing sodium reabsorption, aldosterone helps to regulate blood volume and blood pressure through water retention, since water follows sodium osmotically.
- This mechanism is crucial for maintaining electrolyte balance and overall fluid homeostasis in the body.

- While aldosterone is produced by the adrenal glands, its main site of action is not the adrenal gland itself but the kidneys.
- The liver and lungs do not play a direct role in the primary effects of aldosterone.

Reference: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 13th Edition, Chapter 27