- The primary function of baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) in toothpaste formulations is to neutralize acids in the mouth and help reduce dental plaque.
- Baking soda is a mild alkaline compound that reacts with the acidic environment created by bacterial metabolism and acidic foods or drinks, thereby raising the pH in the oral cavity.
- This shift towards a more neutral pH helps to protect tooth enamel from erosion and inhibits the growth of acidophilic bacteria that contribute to plaque formation and dental caries.

- While baking soda has some mild abrasive properties, its main role is not as an abrasive agent.
- Additionally, it does not contain fluoride and therefore does not provide fluoride ions to enhance enamel remineralization.
- Although there are antimicrobial agents included in some toothpaste formulations, baking soda’s primary function is related to neutralizing acids and maintaining a healthier oral environment.

This property makes it effective in reducing plaque accumulation and maintaining oral hygiene by balancing the mouth’s pH and reducing the acidic challenge on teeth.

Reference: *Oral Chemistry and Microbiology, Volume 2, Chapter 7/Page 145*