Which molecular biology technique is used to selectively amplify targeted DNA segments?

- The correct answer is Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).

- PCR is a technique used to selectively amplify specific DNA segments by cycling through repeated rounds of denaturation, annealing of primers, and extension by DNA polymerase.
- This process results in the exponential replication of the target DNA region, allowing analysis even from tiny amounts of starting material.
- Unlike Southern blotting (which detects DNA), DNA sequencing (which reads DNA), or gel electrophoresis (which separates DNA fragments), PCR actively increases the quantity of the targeted DNA segment.

Reference: Molecular Biology of the Cell, 6th Edition, Chapter 1, Page 34