- Genital herpes is caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV), a viral pathogen characterized by painful genital ulcers and recurrent episodes due to latency in sensory ganglia.
- In contrast, Chlamydia trachomatis, Treponema pallidum (syphilis), and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are bacterial pathogens responsible for their respective infections.
- Recognition of genital herpes as a viral STI is critical for understanding its clinical course, transmission dynamics, and the approach to antiviral therapy.

Reference: Davidson’s Principles and Practice of Medicine, 24th Edition, Chapter: Sexually Transmitted Infections, Page 1145.