The maximum annual dose limit for radiation exposure to the gonads in radiation workers is set at 5 rem (0.05 Sv) to prevent genetic damage and minimize the risk of hereditary effects. This limit helps protect reproductive organs, which are highly sensitive to ionizing radiation. Sustained exposure above this threshold increases the risk of mutations that can affect future generations. Regulatory bodies, such as the NCRP and ICRP, have established this limit to balance occupational safety with practical feasibility in radiation-related work environments.

Reference: Radiobiology for the Radiologist, 7th Edition.