The ovarian stroma is a highly vascular connective tissue rich in blood vessels, nerves, and smooth muscle fibers, which support follicular development and ovulation. This vascularization is crucial for hormonal transport and local regulation of ovarian function. The presence of nerves within the stroma also facilitates neurovascular control of ovarian activity. Understanding these components is essential during ovarian surgery to prevent excessive bleeding and preserve ovarian function. Unlike other tissues, the stroma lacks epithelial cells, adipose tissue, or cartilage, making its vascular and muscular composition distinctive.

Reference: Gray's Anatomy, Standring S, 42nd Edition.