Ludwig’s angina is a rapidly progressive, potentially life-threatening cellulitis involving the submandibular space, commonly seen in diabetic patients due to immunocompromise. It causes painful swelling and elevation of the floor of the mouth, which can obstruct the airway. Immediate priority is to secure the airway to prevent respiratory compromise. Intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics should be started promptly. Surgical drainage is indicated when there is evidence of abscess formation or airway compromise, to prevent further spread of infection. Early recognition and aggressive management significantly reduce morbidity and mortality.

Reference: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, J. Larry Jameson, 20th Edition.