Social learning theory emphasizes that individuals acquire new behaviors primarily through observing and imitating others, rather than through direct trial and error or genetic factors. This process involves modeling behaviors seen in role models, which can significantly impact learning and behavior change. Clinical applications include teaching surgical techniques by demonstration, enhancing skill acquisition without direct trial. This theory explains how vicarious reinforcement and social context shape behavior, essential for effective medical education and training.

Reference: Principles of Medical Education, Davis et al., 3rd Edition.