Manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) is a surgical procedure that involves inserting a suction device into the uterine cavity to evacuate its contents. This direct access can introduce bacteria, leading to infection if sterile technique is not maintained or if the patient has predisposing factors. Common infectious complications include endometritis and pelvic inflammatory disease. In contrast, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and weight gain are systemic conditions not directly related to the procedure itself. Therefore, the primary complication to monitor for after MVA is infection, necessitating proper aseptic technique and post-procedural follow-up.

Reference: Williams Gynecology, Hoffman et al., 3rd Edition.