Unhygienic delivery conditions increase the risk of neonatal sepsis by facilitating the entry of pathogenic bacteria through the umbilical stump or birth canal. Poor sterilization and contaminated instruments during delivery provide a direct pathway for infections in a neonate with immature immune defenses. This environmental factor is critical because it significantly raises the likelihood of early-onset sepsis, which can lead to severe morbidity or mortality if not promptly managed. Maintaining strict aseptic techniques during childbirth is essential to prevent neonatal infections.

Reference: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, Kliegman RM, et al., 21st Edition.