The primary goal of gestational diabetes management is to normalize maternal glucose levels to reduce the risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Elevated maternal glucose can lead to macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycemia, and increased cesarean delivery rates. Controlling glucose levels through diet, exercise, and medication when necessary minimizes these complications and promotes healthy fetal development. Effective glucose control also reduces the risk of long-term metabolic disease in both mother and child.

Reference: Williams Obstetrics, Cunningham et al., 25th Edition.