Air pollution is a common environmental health hazard because it contains harmful substances like particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide that adversely affect respiratory and cardiovascular health. Exposure to air pollution increases the risk of diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and heart disease. It also contributes to premature mortality and exacerbates existing health conditions. Unlike balanced diet, physical exercise, and vaccination, which promote health, air pollution directly threatens human health by contaminating the air we breathe. Recognizing and minimizing exposure to air pollution is critical in environmental health management.

Reference: Environmental Health: From Global to Local, Frumkin H., 3rd Edition.