- The correct answer is Justice because this principle ensures fairness in the distribution of benefits and burdens in research.
- Deliberately withholding treatment from a control group suffering from a fatal illness can be seen as unfair and inequitable, denying them the potential benefits available to others.
- This violates the ethical obligation to treat all participants justly, especially when effective treatments exist.

Reference: Beauchamp & Childress, *Principles of Biomedical Ethics*, 8th Edition, Chapter 5, p. 140