During mastication, the occlusal forces exerted on teeth can be significant due to the need to break down food efficiently. Research shows that the pressure typically ranges between 150-500 pounds, especially on the molars which endure the highest loads. This range allows for effective chewing without causing damage under normal conditions. Forces below this range are generally insufficient for proper mastication, while those above can risk dental trauma or fractures. Understanding this pressure range is crucial for prosthodontics, orthodontics, and restorative dentistry to design durable dental appliances and prevent structural failure.

Reference: Wheeler’s Dental Anatomy, Physiology and Occlusion, 10th Edition.