The chin cap was first introduced by Oppenheim as an orthopedic appliance to control mandibular growth in patients with Class III malocclusion. It applies backward and upward forces on the chin, redirecting mandibular growth and improving jaw relationship. This method specifically targets the mandible by exerting pressure on the chin and neck area, which distinguishes it from other appliances. The effectiveness of the chin cap relies on patient compliance and timely application during growth spurts. Oppenheim's introduction of this device marked a significant advancement in orthopedic correction of mandibular prognathism.

Reference: Graber, Orthodontics: Current Principles and Techniques, 6th Edition.