A lateral developmental periodontal cyst arises along the lateral root surface of a vital tooth, distinguishing it from cysts related to non-vital teeth which are typically inflammatory in origin. This cyst is developmental, meaning it originates from odontogenic epithelium remnants, usually the dental lamina. It presents as a radiolucent area lateral to the root of a vital tooth, without causing loss of tooth vitality or significant symptoms. Recognizing its association with vital teeth is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning, often involving surgical enucleation while preserving the adjacent tooth vitality.

Reference: Oral Pathology, Neville et al., 4th Edition.