Articular cartilage covers the ends of bones in synovial joints, providing a smooth, resilient surface that absorbs shock during weight-bearing and movement. This cartilage minimizes friction between articulating surfaces, preventing bone damage and ensuring smooth joint motion. Its unique composition, rich in collagen and proteoglycans, allows it to withstand compressive forces effectively. Damage to articular cartilage can lead to joint pain and disorders like osteoarthritis. Thus, its primary role is crucial for maintaining joint integrity and function.

Reference: Gray's Anatomy, Standring S., 42nd Edition.