After tooth extraction, the alveolar bone loses the functional stimulus of occlusal forces that maintained its density and volume. This lack of mechanical stress leads to disuse atrophy, characterized by bone resorption and reduction in alveolar ridge height and width. This is a critical surgical consideration for future prosthetic planning or implant placement, as the diminished bone volume can complicate these procedures. Maintaining or restoring alveolar bone through techniques like bone grafting may be necessary to preserve the ridge for optimal function and esthetics.

Reference: Oral Anatomy, Its Relevance to Dentistry, Ash & Nelson, 5th Edition.