The treatment of oral leukoplakia primarily aims to eliminate dysplastic or potentially malignant lesions. Fulguration is an effective surgical method that uses electrical current to destroy the abnormal epithelial tissue, reducing the risk of malignant transformation. It is preferred for accessible lesions and allows minimal damage to surrounding healthy mucosa. Observation alone may be inadequate due to the potential for progression, while antibiotic and radiation therapies have no role in managing leukoplakia. Early and complete removal of the lesion via fulguration can prevent carcinoma development and promote healing.

Reference: Oral Medicine and Pathology, Neville et al., 4th Edition.