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While Jan Koum was one of the co-founders and the former CEO of WhatsApp, he stepped down from the position in 2018. As of today, Will Cathcart is the current CEO of WhatsApp 

Here's a breakdown of the information:
Jan Koum: Co-founder and former CEO of WhatsApp (2009-2018)
Will Cathcart: Current CEO of WhatsApp (2019-present)

TCP, বা Transmission Control Protocol, হলো একটি নির্ভরযোগ্য, সংযোগভিত্তিক প্রোটোকল যা ইন্টারনেটে ডেটা স্থানান্তরে ব্যবহৃত হয়। প্রশ্নে উল্লেখিত পরিষেবাগুলির মধ্যে যেগুলি TCP ব্যবহার করে:

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol): এটি UDP (User Datagram Protocol) ব্যবহার করে, তাই এটি TCP ব্যবহার করে না।

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): ই-মেইল প্রেরণের জন্য ব্যবহৃত এই প্রোটোকলটি TCP ব্যবহার করে।

HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol): ওয়েব পৃষ্ঠাগুলি ও অন্যান্য ডেটা স্থানান্তরে ব্যবহৃত এই প্রোটোকলটিও TCP ব্যবহার করে।

TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol): এটি একটি সরলীকৃত ফাইল স্থানান্তর প্রোটোকল যা UDP ব্যবহার করে, তাই এটি TCP ব্যবহার করে না।

FTP (File Transfer Protocol): ফাইল স্থানান্তরের জন্য ব্যবহৃত এই প্রোটোকলটি TCP ব্যবহার করে।

সুতরাং, SMTP, HTTP, এবং FTP হলো তিনটি পরিষেবা যেগুলি TCP ব্যবহার করে, যার ফলে সঠিক উত্তর হলো "B) 2,3 and 5"।
Deepfake is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that uses machine learning to create realistic and convincing videos of people saying or doing things they never said or did. This can be used for malicious purposes, such as spreading misinformation or propaganda, or for entertainment purposes, such as creating humorous or satirical videos.
The address before translation in network address translation (NAT) is:

A) Inside local

Inside local is the private or internal IP address of a device on the local network before it undergoes translation by the NAT device. It's the address of the device within the local network and is typically not routable on the public internet.
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) establishes router adjacencies and performs the DR/BDR (Designated Router/Broadcast Designated Router) election process in network types where multiple routers are connected to a common segment. The network type where OSPF will establish router adjacencies but will not perform the DR/BDR election process is:

A) Point-to-point

In point-to-point networks, there are only two routers directly connected to each other, so there's no need for a DR/BDR election because there are no multiple routers contending for control of the segment. OSPF routers in point-to-point networks will form adjacencies directly without the need for a DR and BDR.

The scenario you've described sounds like a combination of social engineering and possibly email spoofing, but it doesn't fit neatly into a single category of cyberattack. Here's a breakdown of what might be happening:

  1. Social Engineering: In this case, the hacker manipulated the buyer into paying money to a different bank account. Social engineering involves manipulating people into divulging confidential information or taking specific actions. In this scenario, the hacker likely used deception or manipulation to trick the buyer into changing the payment details.

  2. Email Spoofing: It's possible that the hacker used email spoofing to make their email appear as if it came from a trusted source, such as the seller or the seller's bank. This can make it more convincing to the buyer. Email spoofing involves sending emails that appear to come from a different source than they actually do.

  3. Phishing: While not explicitly mentioned in your scenario, phishing is often involved in social engineering attacks. Phishing involves sending deceptive emails that typically contain malicious links or attachments. In this case, the deceptive email might have contained instructions to change the bank account details.

  4. Unauthorized Access: If the hacker gained unauthorized access to the seller's email or financial systems to make these changes, it could also be considered a form of hacking.

এইখানে সঠিক উত্তর হবেঃ Email Spoofing এটি সবচেয়ে কাছাকাছি। 
মার্কিন প্রযুক্তি উদ্যোক্তা জিমি ওয়েলস ও ল্যারি সেঙ্গার ২০০১ সালে উইকিপিডিয়া প্রতিষ্ঠা করেন । উল্লেখ্য ,প্রথম দিকে উইকিপিডিয়াতে কেবল ইংরেজি ভাষাই ব্যবহৃত হতো । উইকিপিডিয়া হল ইন্টারনেট ভিত্তিক একটি জ্ঞানকোষ ,যা গড়ে উঠেছে পৃথিবীর লাখ লাখ মানুষের স্বেচ্ছাশ্রমের ভিত্তিতে। উইকি -প্রযুক্তিনির্ভর ওয়েবপেজকে পড়ার পাশাপাশি সম্পাদনাও করা যায় ,আর তা করার জন ওয়েব ব্রাউজার ছাড়া আর কোন সফটওয়্যার লাগে না । ইন্টারনেট ভিত্তিক বলেই পৃথিবীর যে কোন প্রান্তে বসেই উইকিপিডিয়া পড়া এতে তথ্য যোগ করার কাজ করা যায়।
ইমেল ডিলিট করলে তা আসলেই সঙ্গে সঙ্গে মুছে যায় না। বরং তা ট্র্যাশ ফোল্ডারে চলে যায়। এর মানে হল যে আপনি ট্র্যাশ ফোল্ডার থেকে ইমেলটি এখনও পুনরুদ্ধার করতে পারবেন যতক্ষণ না আপনি এটিকে খালি করবেন।

Insider attacks are not as common as the other types of cyber attacks listed above. However, they can be very costly and disruptive for banking systems. Insider attacks can be carried out by employees who have authorized access to the bank's systems and data.

The other four types of cyber attacks are all common types of attacks on banking systems. Phishing attacks attempt to trick victims into revealing sensitive information, such as their passwords or credit card numbers. Ransomware attacks encrypt a victim's files and then demand a ransom payment in exchange for the decryption key. Supply chain attacks involve targeting a third-party supplier in order to gain access to the target company's systems and data. DDoS attacks attempt to overwhelm a target system with traffic, making it unavailable to legitimate users.
A strong password policy is essential to enhance security in banking systems.
Option D, "Mixing uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols," is a key aspect of creating strong and complex passwords.

Options A and B are incorrect as they suggest weak password practices.

Option C, "Frequent password changes," is not always recommended as it can lead to weaker passwords if users choose easily guessable patterns.
Man-in-the-middle attacks are not a type of phishing attack. Phishing attacks are attempts to trick users into revealing confidential information, such as passwords or credit card numbers, by impersonating a legitimate entity. Man-in-the-middle attacks are eavesdropping attacks in which the attacker intercepts and modifies communication between two parties without their knowledge.

The other answer choices are all types of phishing attacks:

- Whaling is a type of spear phishing that targets high-profile individuals, such as CEOs and government officials.
- Smishing is a type of phishing attack that is delivered via SMS text message.
- Vishing is a type of phishing attack that is delivered via voice call.









 

When we send an email, we can send it to a person; or mulitple persons. 

CC is the carbon copy of the email which will be sent to other people and everyone will know who are getting the email.

BCC (Black Carbon Copy) is the option to secretly send the copy of an email to other persons. Whoever is in the bcc wont see other bcc email address.  
 

A computer virus is a program that is able to copy itself when it is run. Very often,computer viruses are run as a part of other programs. It is a harmful program that reproduces files and corrupts or deletes necessary files.
 

মডেম দিয়ে কম্পিউটার এর সাথে ইন্টারনেটের সংযোগ স্থাপন করা হয়। 
 

TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. It defines how electronic devices (like computers) should be connected over the Internet, and how data should be transmitted between them.

 

A router is a device that forwards data packets along networks. A router is connected to at least two networks, commonly two LANs or WANs or a LAN and its ISP's network. Routers are located at gateways, the places where two or more networks connect.

A dial-up connection is established when two or more communication devices use a public switched telephone network (PSTN) to connect to an Internet service provider (ISP).

Many remote areas depend on Internet dial-up connections because broadband and cable are rare in remote areas with low population numbers.

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