Question (6 to 10) are based on the following extract: China’s continued economic progress depends on mastering the art of mould-breaking innovation. President Hu Jintao intones that the “capacity for independent innovation” is the “core of our national strategy”. Skeptics agree with his premise, but scoff that innovation and autocracy do not mix. So long as china remains a dictatorship, it will be trapped in world of mass production and routine assembly, they say. Scholars argue that the country faces a future of “premature senility”. China has invested heavily in homegrown innovation. The government has only persuaded Microsoft and Goggle to establish research centers in China. It has also set up science parks across the country, in the hope of creating a Chinese Silicon Valley. So far, however, China has little to show for all this investment in mould-breaking innovation. The most successful Chinese companies, such as Lenovo and Baidu, produce low-cost versions of Western products or adapt Western innovations to the Chinese market. Chinese venture capitalists invest in established industries, such as hotels and agriculture, or in copycat technologies. Multinational managers grumble privately that China’s “research and development” projects involve far more development than research. And the government’s vast investment in innovation is more than offset by its failures. Squabbles over standards discourage companies from placing long-term bets. Lax intellectual property rights penalize cutting-edge research. The power of the state prompts firms to spend more time groveling to politicians than grappling with original thoughts. (Q-9): The word squabbles can be best substituted with:
Solution
Correct Answer: Option D
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